十種使你開(kāi)心的事情

快樂(lè)一游 · 發(fā)表于 2009-3-9 01:26

　　生活習(xí)慣能夠影響我們的幸福。以下有十件事情，它們都被證實(shí)能使人快樂(lè)。

　　1. 品味生活瞬間停下來(lái)聞聞玫瑰的花香或者看著孩子玩耍。像那些花時(shí)間品味匆匆過(guò)去日常生活的人學(xué)習(xí)，或者想想過(guò)去快樂(lè)的日子，就像心理學(xué)家Sonja Lyubomirsky所說(shuō)：“增加快樂(lè)，減少煩惱”。

　　1. Savor Everyday MomentsPause now and then to smell a rose or watch children at play. Study participants who took time to “savor” ordinary events that they normally hurried through, or to think back on pleasant moments from their day, “showed significant increases in happiness and reductions in depression,” says psychologist Sonja Lyubomirsky.

　　2. 少攀比向鄰居看齊是美國(guó)文化的一部分，然而與他人攀比會(huì)損害我們的快樂(lè)和自尊。根據(jù)Lyubomirsky所說(shuō)，代替與他人攀比，關(guān)注我們個(gè)人的成就，會(huì)產(chǎn)生更大的滿(mǎn)足感。

　　2. Avoid ComparisonsWhile keeping up with the Joneses is part of American culture, comparing ourselves with others can be damaging to happiness and self-esteem. Instead of comparing ourselves to others, focusing on our own personal achievement leads to greater satisfaction, according to Lyubomirsky.

　　3. 不要把錢(qián)看的太重根據(jù)Tim Kasser 和 Richard Ryan的研究，把錢(qián)看得很重的人更容易產(chǎn)生郁悶，焦慮，自卑的感覺(jué)。這種發(fā)現(xiàn)適用于各種國(guó)家和文明。Ryan說(shuō)：“我們?cè)绞亲非笪镔|(zhì)上的滿(mǎn)足，我們就越不容易找到他們，滿(mǎn)足是有半衰期的，幸福非常短暫。”金錢(qián)追逐者在生命活力和自我實(shí)現(xiàn)方面也不會(huì)有很好的結(jié)果。

　　3. Put Money Low on the ListPeople who put money high on their priority list are more at risk for depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem, according to researchers Tim Kasser and Richard Ryan. Their findings hold true across nations and cultures. “The more we seek satisfactions in material goods, the less we find them there,” Ryan says. “The satisfaction has a short half-life -- it’s very fleeting.” Money-seekers also score lower on tests of vitality and self-actualization.

　　4. 有一個(gè)長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的目標(biāo)Ed Diener 和 Robert Biswas-Diener說(shuō)：“有奮斗目標(biāo)的人，無(wú)論是學(xué)習(xí)新的知識(shí)或是撫養(yǎng)孩子，都比那些沒(méi)有沒(méi)夢(mèng)想和目標(biāo)的人更快樂(lè)。”“作為一個(gè)人，我們需要奮斗目標(biāo)”哈佛大學(xué)教授Tal Ben-Shahar同意這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，他說(shuō)：“幸福就在快樂(lè)和意義的交匯處，工作還是在家，目的取決于個(gè)人意義和喜愛(ài)。”

　　4. Have Meaningful Goals“People who strive for something significant, whether it’s learning a new craft or raising moral children, are far happier than those who don’t have strong dreams or aspirations,” say Ed Diener and Robert Biswas-Diener. “As humans, we actually require a sense of meaning to thrive.” Harvard’s resident happiness professor, Tal Ben-Shahar, agrees, “Happiness lies at the intersection between pleasure and meaning. Whether at work or at home, the goal is to engage in activities that are both personally significant and enjoyable.”

　　5. 主動(dòng)工作工作上多么快樂(lè)，部分取決于你有多主動(dòng)。研究人員Amy Wrzesniewski 說(shuō)當(dāng)我們表現(xiàn)出創(chuàng)造力，幫助他人，改進(jìn)建議或者工作上做些額外的工作，使我們的工作更有價(jià)值并且感到更易于掌控。

　　5. Take Initiative at WorkHow happy you are at work depends in part on how much initiative you take. Researcher Amy Wrzesniewski says that when we express creativity, help others, suggest improvements, or do additional tasks on the job, we make our work more rewarding and feel more in control.

　　6. 交朋友，珍惜家人Diener和Biswas-Diener說(shuō)快樂(lè)的人有幸福的家庭，朋友，并且鞏固的人際關(guān)系。但是如果你和身邊的人交往很少的話(huà)，你也不會(huì)快樂(lè)。我們不僅需要人際關(guān)系，我們還需要親密的充滿(mǎn)關(guān)懷和諒解的人際關(guān)系。

　　6. Make Friends, Treasure FamilyHappier people tend to have good families, friends, and supportive relationships, say Diener and Biswas-Diener. But it’s not enough to be the life of the party if you’re surrounded by shallow acquaintances. “We don’t just need relationships, we need close ones” that involve understanding and caring.

　　7. 即使不開(kāi)心也要微笑聽(tīng)起來(lái)簡(jiǎn)單，但是卻是很有成效的。Diener 和Biswas-Diener說(shuō)：“快樂(lè)的人看到可能，機(jī)會(huì)和成功。當(dāng)他們思考未來(lái)的時(shí)候，他們是樂(lè)觀的，并且當(dāng)他們回望過(guò)去，他們看到了輝煌，”甚至當(dāng)你看到半杯水的時(shí)候，你會(huì)想，通過(guò)努力，會(huì)得到滿(mǎn)杯水，積極的想法會(huì)變成習(xí)慣。

　　7. Smile Even When You Don’t Feel Like ItIt sounds simple, but it works. “Happy people…see possibilities, opportunities, and success. When they think of the future, they are optimistic, and when they review the past, they tend to savor the high points,” say Diener and Biswas-Diener. Even if you weren’t born looking at the glass as half-full, with practice, a positive outlook can become a habit.

　　8. 真誠(chéng)的說(shuō)聲謝謝根據(jù)Robert Emmons的說(shuō)法，每周懷著感恩的心寫(xiě)感謝信會(huì)使你更健康，更樂(lè)觀，更容易達(dá)成個(gè)人的目標(biāo)。積極心理學(xué)創(chuàng)始人Martin Seligman透露，給那些使他們生活變得不同的人寫(xiě)感謝信，使得人們更快樂(lè)，少憂(yōu)傷，而且這種影響能持續(xù)一周。

　　8. Say Thank You Like You Mean ItPeople who keep gratitude journals on a weekly basis are healthier, more optimistic, and more likely to make progress toward achieving personal goals, according to author Robert Emmons. Research by Martin Seligman, founder of positive psychology, revealed that people who write “gratitude letters” to someone who made a difference in their lives score higher on happiness, and lower on depression -- and the effect lasts for weeks.

　　9. 出去鍛煉杜克大學(xué)研究表明，運(yùn)動(dòng)在對(duì)付郁悶方面就像毒品一樣有效，同時(shí)沒(méi)有副作用也不用花錢(qián)。其他研究表明適當(dāng)運(yùn)動(dòng)有利于健康，使人有成就感，還能增加人與社--會(huì)的互動(dòng)，釋放使人快樂(lè)的因子，增加自我滿(mǎn)足感。

　　9. Get Out and ExerciseA Duke University study shows that exercise may be just as effective as drugs in treating depression, without all the side effects and expense. Other research shows that in addition to health benefits, regular exercise offers a sense of accomplishment and opportunity for social interaction, releases feel-good endorphins, and boosts self-esteem.

　　10. 奉獻(xiàn)，現(xiàn)在就做為他人著想，付出你生命的一部分，有目標(biāo)的去做。研究人員Stephen Post說(shuō)幫助鄰居，志愿奉獻(xiàn)，捐款捐物，志愿服務(wù)，這些都能有一種幫助的快樂(lè)，并且比運(yùn)動(dòng)和戒煙都能獲得更多的好處。他還說(shuō)傾聽(tīng)朋友的心聲，教授你的技能，慶祝他人的成功，原諒他人的錯(cuò)誤都能帶來(lái)幸福。研究人員Elizabeth Dunn發(fā)現(xiàn)花錢(qián)幫助別人比給自己花錢(qián)更快樂(lè)。

　　10. Give It Away, Give It Away Now!Make altruism and giving part of your life, and be purposeful about it. Researcher Stephen Post says helping a neighbor, volunteering, or donating goods and services results in a “helper’s high,” and you get more health benefits than you would from exercise or quitting smoking. Listening to a friend, passing on your skills, celebrating others’ successes, and forgiveness also contribute to happiness, he says. Researcher Elizabeth Dunn found that those who spend money on others reported much greater happiness than those who spend it on themselves.